Juyin mulkin sojoji na ƙaruwa ne a Afirka?

Tun bayan samun 'yancin kai, an yi ta samun juyin mulkin soja a Afirka.

Juyin mulkin baya-bayan nan a Mali ya zama misalin yadda sojoji ke nuna ƙarfin ikonsu - an ga kuma yadda suka sake ƙwace mulki cikin ƙasa da shekara ɗaya.

A maƙociyarta Jamhuriyar Nijar, an daƙile wani yunƙurin juyin mulki a watan Maris 'yan kwanaki kaɗan kafin a rantsar da sabon shugaban ƙasa.

To ko juyin mulki na ƙaruwa a nahiyar?

Wane irin juyin mulki ne ake kira juyin mulki?

Wata ma'ana da ake bai wa juyin mulki shi ne, yin amfani da ƙarfin soja (ko kuma wasu jami'an gwamnati farar hula) domin sauke shugaba mai-ci.

Wani bincike da masana biyu na Amurka suka yi, Jonathan Powell da Clayton Thyne, sun gano yunƙurin juyin mulki fiye da 200 da aka yi a Afirka tun daga shekarun 1950.

Kusan rabin waɗannan yunƙurin duk sun yi nasara - waɗanda aka ƙiyasta cewa sun ɗauki tsawon shekara bakwai.

Ƙasar Burkina Faso da ke yammacin Afirka, ta fi kowace ƙasa fuskantar juyin mulkin da aka yi nasara har sau bakwai, yayin da ɗaya ne kaɗai bai yi nasara ba.

A wani lokacin, waɗanda suka gudanar da shi kan musanta cewa juyin mulki ne.

A Zimbabwe, sojoji sun kawo ƙarshen mulkin Robert Mugabe na shekara 37 a 2017.

Ɗaya daga cikin jagororin ynƙurin, Manjo Janar Sibusiso Moyo, ya fito a talabijin a wannan lokaci ƙarara yana musanta cewa juyin mulki suka yi.

A watan Afrilun da ya gabata a bayan mutuwar shugaban Chadi Idriss Deby, sojoji sun naɗa ɗansa a matsayin shugaban riƙo. 'Yan adawa sun kira shi da "juyin mulkin daula".

A cewar Jonathan Powell: "Jagororin juyin mulki na ƙaryata cewa abin da suka aikata ba juyin mulki ba ne."

Ko juyin mulki ya fara sassautawa a Afirka?

Cikin shekara 40 daga 1960 zuwa 2000, a mataki na tsakatsaki akan yi yunƙurin juyin mulki a Afirka sau huɗu a shekara.

Tun daga wannan loakcin, an samu raguwa zuwa sau biyu a shekara cikin shekara 20 zuwa 2019.

Jonathan Powell ya ce wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne ganin irin rikicin da ƙasashen Afirka suka fuskanta kafin samun 'yancin kai.

"Ƙasashen Afika na da wasu yanayi da ke jawo juyin mulki, kamar talauci da taɓarɓarewar tattalin arziki. Idan aka yi juyin mulki sau ɗaya a ƙasa, akasari hakan na nufin wasu juyin mulkin za su biyo baya."

Ndubuisi Christian Ani na Jami'ar KwaZulu-Natal ya ce zanga-zangar ƙin jinin shugabannin da suka daɗe a kan mulki ta bayar da damar yin juyin mulki a Afirka.

"Yayin da zanga-zangar da mutane ke yi ba ta saɓa doka ba, akasari tana danganta ne da matakin da sojojin ƙasar suka ɗauka wajen yin nasara ne ko akasin haka," in ji shi.

Wace ƙasa ce a Afirka ta fi fuskantar yawan juyin mulki?

Sudan ta fi fuskanta da guda 15 - an yi nasara a biyar daga cikinsu. Na baya-bayan nan shi ne na 2019 wanda ya jawo sauke Omar al-Bashir bayan shafe watanni ana zanga-zanga.

Shi ma ya hau mulki ne sakamakon juyin mulki a 1989.

Tun 2015, dukkan rahotannin juyin mulkin da aka samu a duniya guda tara, biyu ne kawai ba su faru a Afirka ba - Turkiyya a 2016 da kuma Myanmar a 2021.

Baki ɗaya dai, Afirka ta fi fuskantar juyin mulki fiye da kowace nahiyar.

Kudancin Amurka ne ke biye mata, inda aka yi yunƙuri sau 95 kuma 40 suka yi nasara.